M1 · The Worldwide Transportation System

M2 · The International Port Industry

M2A · Language of the Industry

M3 · Port Governance and Management

M4 · The Marine Terminal

The Worldwide Commercial Transportation System

• The system in general
• Common modes of travel
• The intermodal route
• Regulatory checkpoints
• The logistics chain
• The shipper
• Freight forwarder/logistics planner
• Transportation
• Cost
• Regulatory oversight
• Consignee
• Industry professionals- cargo
• Ground transportation
• Marine
• Ships’ crews

The Port industry

• The maritime industry
• Most cost-effective
• Shipping statistics
• Transportation links
• Ports and the logistics chain
• Intermodal
• The Worldwide port industry
• 2011 top 15 North American – container port TEU rankings
• U.S. Port rankings
• Canadian port rankings-2011
• Trade corridors
• The coasts
• Great lakes and St. Lawrence
• Trade routes
• Types of ports
• Port ownership
• Port functions
• The port industry in the new millennium
• The 2008 economic cliff
• Since 2008-A slow climb back
  • The industry’s other trades since 2008
  • Recent US and Canadian port projects
• Port challenges
• The challenges-U.S. FMC study 2012
• Influences on ports
• Fleet changes
• Successful vs. Stagnant ports
• Examining our strengths – weaknesses

Language Of The Port industry

• Language of the port industry
• Proper terminology is critical
• Terms-port types
• Common terms used in the industry
• Types of cargo
• Typical neo-bulk cargoes
• Containerized cargo
  • Container advantages
  • The container
  • Containers
• Throughput
• Tonnage
  • Ship’s registered tonnage
  • Lightweight tons
  • Ship tonnage-gross tonnage
  • Ship tonnage-net tonnage
  • Ship tonnage-displacement
  • The plimsoll mark
  • The international load line
  • Ship tonnage-cargo related

Port Governance And Management

• The port collective
• Public vs. private terminals
• Port management organizations
• Management – operation arrangements
• Public port governance
• Canada & U.S. Public port models
• Canada & U.S. Ports are symbiotic
• Canadian port industry
  • Canada maritime act
  • Canadian port authorities
  • Other Canadian ports
  • Canadian port divestiture
• U.S. Port governance
  • U.S. Public port governance
  • Types
  • Municipal ports
  • State ports
  • State port councils
  • U.S. federal ports
  • State or municipal port commissions
  • U.S. Port authorities
• Public ownership increased when industry changes forced a shift from the private sector
• Growth through necessity
• Preservation for new public use
• Old becomes new again
• Most effective goal is to meet both public and private needs
• Public vs. private management
• Management considerations
• Effective management

The Marine Terminal

• Objectives
• Purpose
• Classifications
• General purpose terminals
• Container terminals
• Roll on-roll off (RORO) terminals
• Dry bulk
• Liquid bulk terminals
• Break bulk
• Cruise terminals
• Ferry terminals
• Special purpose
• Military
• Non-marine terminals
• Terminal layout
• Air freight facilities
• Warehousing and transit facilities
• Value-added services
• LTL and consolidation
• Cargo trans-loading and dispersal
• Bonded storage

M5 · The Harbor and the Vessel Voyage

M6 · Marine Terminal Operations

M7 · Cargo Management

M8 · Transportation Pricing

M9 · Regulatory Requirements and Legal Issues

The Harbor And The Vessel Voyage

• Objectives
• The voyage
• Arrival requirements
• Port selection
• Definitions
• Commercial port geography

Maritime Terminal Operations

• Marine terminal functions
• Operational parameters and focus
• Operational objectives
• Cargo management
• Ancillary activities
• Terminal functionality
• Vessel handling
• Cargo handling vessel to/from terminal
• Cargo handling cycle
• Equipment
• Cargo handling equipment
  • Gantry cranes
  • Mobile harbour cranes
  • Yard gantry cranes
  • Straddle carriers
  • Reach stackers
  • Top loaders
  • Spreaders
  • Yard hustlers
  • Computer based terminal operating systems
• Outbound processing
• Vehicle and cargo inspection system
• Cargo storage
• On dock rail
• Marine terminal shore side operations
• Port and vessel operations

Cargo Management

• Concepts of cargo management
• Cargo classifications
• The ocean bill of lading-B/L
• B/L basic types
• Customs regulations
• Commercial invoice
• Government invoice
• Certificate of origin
• Regulatory agencies
• Security agencies
• Pre-arrival review system (PARS)-Canada
• TIR-EIR (trailer or equipment interchange receipt)
• Cargo protection
  • The stowage plan
  • Planning the stow
  • Packing and stacking
• Theft
• Cargo surveys
• Cargo claims
• Parties that handle cargo
• Booking cargo
• Carrier tariffs
• The common carrier
• Freight forwarders
• Customs house brokers
• NVOCC
• Vessel chartering
  • Types of charter parties
  • Standardized charter parties
  • Charter party terms
• Detention & per diem
• Demurrage
• General average
• Logistics interruptions

Transportation Pricing

• Transportation costing
• Rates and costs are generally based on volume
• The shipper generally bears the cost
• Shipper base costing
• The logistics plan
• Logistics considerations
• Ocean shipping modes
  • Ships
  • Ocean going barge
• Selecting options
• Base rates
• Special rates
• Other rate structures
• Costs just seem to keep stacking up
• Common pricing mistakes
• Terms of sale
  • F.A.S.-Free alongside ship
  • F.O.B.-Free on board
• Origin-freight collect
• Port selection
• Petroleum is easiest to price
• Trucks
• Moving cargo is about details

Regulatory requirements and legal issues

Major requirements

• International regulations
• International obligations
• Outgoing vessels
• Incoming vessels
• Legislation
• Acts – general operations
• Acts – security and shipping
• Legislative process
• Regulation and measures
• General maritime regulations
• TAT jurisdiction
• Judicial impacts
• Federal court
• Where to be heard
  • Canadian Human Rights Commission
  • International
  • Cargo damage disputes
  • Disputes
  • Military cargoes
• The enforcers
  • Canada
  • United states
• National transportation system restoration plan
• Common legal issues

M10 · Tariffs, Terminal Regulations and Operating Plans

M11 · Safety and Security

M12 · Emergency Planning and Response

M13 · Business Development and Marketing with Panning Discussion

Tariffs, terminal regulations and operating plans

The Tariff

• What’s in a tariff?
  • Tariff is an implied contract
  • Content
  • Purpose
  • Scope and application
• Rights of port or terminal
  • Insurance
  • Control of vessels
  • Control of cargo
  • Control of property
  • Hazardous materials – hazmat
• Other provisions in the tariff
  • Rates and charges
  • Dockage or berthage
  • Wharfage
  • Free time
  • Demurrage (above free time)
  • Miscellaneous charges
  • Terminal rules and regulations
  • Operating plans
  • Types
  • Composition

Safety and Security

• US and Canada objectives
• CBSA
• USCBPS
• Core efforts
• Food and agricultural responsibility
• Civilian and military treated similar
• Inspections – inbound and outbound
  • Major focus
  • Applies to
• Port security and port security plans
• Enforced by flag state regulatory agencies
• Port security planning
  • Port security plans
  • Terminal and facility security plans
  • Marine terminal security plans
  • Vessel security plans
  • Port security plan application
• Port and terminal safety plans
  • Causes of accidents
  • Safety regulations
• How plans are developed
• Integration into practice
• Regulators
  • Canada: Transport Canada MTSR
  • US: MTSA: Coast Guard 33CFR
• Facilities
  • 100% of port workforce requires training
• Vessels
  • 100% of port workforce requires training
• Portstar
  • MARAD approved port training system
  • Developed with DHS funding to realize a 100% of port workforce trained
  • Training options: instructor led, online, or blended learning

Emergency planning and response

• Objectives
• Emergency management
• Goals
• Port emergency plan
  • Common topics
  • Common elements
• Ports that handle specialized cargo need customized plans
  • Privacy concerns
  • Spans of control
• Common agreements
• Incident command system
  • ICS functions
  • ICS incident commander
  • ICS command staff
  • Incident command structure
  • Incident command center
  • ICS advantages
• Priority of work
• Post incident restoration
• Unity of command
  • Unified command structure (UCS)
  • Span of control
• Public relations
• Safe port marketing
• The media
• Role of the ports
• Role of the port executive
• Role of drills and exercises
  • Drill participation
  • National transportation system restoration plan
• Summary

Business development and marketing

• Objectives
• The success of a port is based on a diverse economic mix
• Fundamentals
• Business development
  • Development role
  • Success is based on best utilization of current assets
• Utilization
• Port planning and development
  • Planning principles
  • Community planning
  • Planning is the high altitude view
  • Incorporates reasonable investment
  • Requires stakeholder relationships
  • Must be customer satisfaction oriented
  • Is the result competitive and price sensitive
  • Utilizes targeted marketing
• Marketing
  • Different than sales
  • Marketing foundations
  • Marketing tools
  • Cyberspace
  • Media
  • The personal relationship is a very effective marketing tool
  • Tracking your efforts
  • Questions to ask
  • Measurements

M14 · Port and Facility Management

M15 · Administration and Finance

M16 · Public and Media Relations

M17 · Strategic and Master Planning

Port and facility management

• Property management
• Facility management
• Ports are part of the larger community
• The perception? Ports are just a bunch of docks
• For every pier there needs to be supporting upland
• Upland terminal requirements
• Open piers are most flexible
• Length of ship plus length of lines bow & stern
• Container terminals use
• Numbered grids for box staging
• Access and expansion
• Water access-expansion
• Shallows can be filled
• Incorporate support services
• Value-added services
• Get involved with roadway planning
• Major off-property port considerations
• Risk management of marine infrastructure assets
  • The issues
  • Common problems
• Implications – legal & financial
• Key components of successful property management

Administration and finance

• Cost is key
  • Fixed costs
  • Variable costs
  • Port efficiency impacts costs
  • Shipper costs
  • Costs are most affected by labour
• The way ports and facilities are managed impacts costs
  • Facility Management
  • Management Arrangements
• Management
  • Staff functions and goals
  • Who manages the port
  • The port director
  • Deputy port director
  • Operations manager
  • Manager of administration and finance
  • Marketing manager
  • Manager of regulatory compliance
  • Manager of security
• Terminal management
  • Terminal Staffing
  • Terminal manager
  • HR director
  • Budget and finance manager
  • Procurement manager
  • Communications and technology manager
  • Other admin staff
  • Marine manager
  • Other Ops staff
  • Support staff
• Port finance
  • Sample terminal budget
• Management and labour
  • Stevedore-longshoremen
  • The longshoring gang
  • Contracts
  • Largest NA unions
• A&F summary

Public and media relations

• What is public relations
  • The port’s public
  • The general public
• Public as stakeholders
• What is a crisis?
  • Possible crisis
  • Activists fuel crisis
• The image of the port
• Concern for the environment
• The port and marine environment
• Why a crisis has legs
  • The news needs news
• News outlets are an effective vehicle
• You cannot turn a bad story into a good story but you can compete for attention
• Negative publicity often leads to knee-jerk reactions
• Negative press
  • The slippery slope
  • Litigation
  • The public relations response plan
• Make media contacts
• Working with the media
• The media conference
  • The opening statement
  • Some other key points
  • Be prepared for other than the press
  • Consider direct initiative
• Manage information
• Understand the mode
• Best results
• Some news is good news

Strategic and master planning

• Planning is the foundation of management
• Types of planning
• What is the difference?
• Strategic planning is setting goals for the port organization
• Purpose of strategic planning
• Purpose of master planning
• Transportation/logistics planning
• Cargo planning
• Overall planning concepts
• Plan development
• Port planning is broad
• Terminal planning is very specific
• The terminal plan
• Intermodal terminals
• Intermodal terminal development
• Intermodal terminal evolution
• All terminals function the same way
• Throughput and yield
• Communities can limit terminal use
• Executing the plan
• Engaging the planners
• Good public information and education is the key
• Undertaking the planning process
• Develop a conditional survey of facilities
• Compare the historic trends to potential and perspective business
• Develop infrastructure plans
• Secure funding
• Create benchmarks
• Understand how to use consultant(s)
• The master plan process
• Define objectives
• Identify strengths and weaknesses
• Business analysis and development plan
• Develop a strategic plan
• Include the required details Product: strategic action plan and implementation schedule
• Year one action items
• Year one to five action items
• 5-10 year action items
• 10 + year action items

Trends

• Automation and Climate Change in Seaport and Terminal Operations

Module 18 Trends, Automation and Climate Change

Practical Exercise and Evaluation

Awarding of Certificates